Burrell: 'I wanted to continue my rugby career'
Warning: This piece includes details of discriminatory language and conduct
Ex-England player Luther Burrell states that speaking out to reveal racial discrimination in rugby union brought his professional journey to an early conclusion.
In a 2022 interview, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the game, displaying Whatsapp messages and recalling training ground "comments" he had been subject to while representing Newcastle.
At that time 34 and out of contract, Burrell's only elite playing since has been three appearances with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to retire because of what happened," he explained to reporters.
"I really hoped to continue competing, naturally I did. I sought that, and it collapsed when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and understand that this whole situation is a lot more important than me."
A rugby governing body report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "on the balance of probability", but said it could not gather sufficient proof to categorically say they occurred at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell started all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told media he also faced discrimination within the England set-up, during a international career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his first game in February 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he said.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just outdated thinking that's really inappropriate."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's view.
"This is something that has been disguised as banter and that's been the problem that I've myself suffered and witnessed," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"Over a extended period you just learn to believe that it's the standard and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell says he was eventually motivated to speak out after a team-mate at Newcastle referred to him as a "slave" and instructed him to put sun cream on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the environment within the professional level and to the introduction of an strategy for the elite level."
"We has given considerable focus on diversity and diversity in rugby union and a substantial amount of work undertaken both before and after Luther Burrell spoke publicly and revealed his experiences of racism and class discrimination," it continued.
"The organization are continuing work with clubs and stakeholders in the elite level to work for a environment of inclusivity but acknowledge this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
All Prem and women's rugby club now has face-to-face education on building welcoming environments, with its effectiveness monitored via specific documentation and surveys.
All England athletes, including youth squads, are trained in being "engaged observers" to intervene and defend others from harmful behaviour.
"You should be so proud of what you have done," Burrell's mother Joyce told him as part of the film Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and finished your playing days, but in our view, you have achieved so well. We are so proud of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died soon after the filming of the documentary, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a council estate in Huddersfield, continues his work to make the game more accessible.
His 12 Foundation aims to connect with young people in disadvantaged communities and help them succeed both on the field with free sports training, guidance and dietary education.
"My intentions are pure, I want to see the evolution of the game and if others is willing to share their story then I'll persist to fight that fight because I'm not just doing this for my own benefit," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an obligation to make the sport as excellent as it can be and the longer I talk about it hopefully the more confident others will feel about sharing their personal stories as well.
"I take the challenge by the opportunity and continue bearing this banner and continue supporting this responsibility and accomplish what I can to create possibilities and make the sport more appealing and more welcoming.
"There's a lot of disadvantaged children and a lot of poverty and I honestly believe that rugby has the ability to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022